JEMS Maritime Sci. Ahead of Print: JEMS-83435

Human-Centered Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) of Pilotage Operations at a Narrow Channel in Indonesia

Fadilla Indrayuni Prastyasari¹, Geovanza Alfariz Setyalind¹, Ludfi Pratiwi Bowo², Tatsuro Ishida^3
1Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia
²Research Center for Transportation Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, Indonesia
³Graduate School of Maritime Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan

A pilotage service in Surabaya West Access Channel (SWAC) is mandatory for ships of 500 GT or above as per the Decree of the Minister of Transportation Number KP 455 of 2016. Due to the high density of traffic in SWAC, this research aimed to evaluate the risk of the pilotage process in terms of Human Reliability Assessment (HRA) by utilizing Formal Safety Assessment (FSA). The probability was estimated based on the Human Error Probability (HEP) using the method of HEART - 4M combined with AHP-TOPSIS. In contrast, the consequences were gathered based on the historical accident data of the pilotage service. The risk was represented by the risk matrix from the Indonesian Classification Bureau (BKI). From the risk matrix, Task 1 and Subtask 2.3 were categorized as high risks. Five Risk Control Options (RCO) were then proposed and analyzed using the Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA). The recommended RCO for Task 1 is to review the installation and maintenance procedure of the pilot ladder (A03) with a gross cost of $ 34,000, which gives a 33% risk reduction. Meanwhile, workload planning and shift rotation adjustment (A03) were recommended for Subtask 2.3, which had a gross cost of $ 24,200 and a 31% risk reduction.

Keywords: HEART – 4M, HEP, Human Factors, Narrow Channel, Ship Pilotage

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