In this study, a spread mooring system modelling is carried out by using Artificial
Neural Network (ANN) technique. The mooring system is to be used for the oil
production at the deep waters of the Black Sea. At the beginning of the study, the spread
mooring system motion and structural responses will be analysed using commercial
software. Then, a set of simulations will be carried out by repeating the analysis for
different environmental conditions (such as different wind, wave, current direction
and load combinations). The calculated data will be used as an input in the ANN
technique. Hawser tensions, motion displacements and selection of mooring types can
be estimated by using ANN. Utilization of the ANN technique will play an important
role to determine the most reliable platform type for the different operation conditions.

Increasing professionalise requirements in maritime transportation is to correspond
to same level training of crew who works in this field. This can be achieved by means
of standart training facilities in the instution and university. In here, the point to be
considered is to keep quality in a determined educational level has a little difference
between lowest and top point. For this aim, international standards such as STCW
Manila amendments in particular, national legislations, recommendations and
resolutions of related administrations, various considered standards by EMSA and
other control authority etc. will consitiute reference point. In this study, authors aim
to reveal applications of these standards by comparing sample training systems give
education in different degree. Therefore, it will be contributed to turn into more quality
and professional training system is aim of this article and designated basic principle
together with standards.

As international trade develops profit margins of companies narrow down in
competitive environment. In order to supply products and services to target market
and consumers under suitable conditions of place, time and price, total cost needs to be
decreased and demand needs to be met on time. Therefore, intermodal transportation
that brings more than one transportation type together by utilizing superior aspects of
each transportation modality gains importance.
Consumers seem to prefer maritime and/or road transportation for carriage of goods.
Road transport is a sine qua non element of transportation system because it is flexible,
speedy and also it allows door-to-door transportation. However, because of traffic
jam related with heavy vehicle traffic, expensive infrastructure costs, rapid decay of
infrastructure with use of heavy tonnage vehicles, high unit energy consumption
costs, high accident risk, and gradual increase in environmental and noise pollution,
countries target maximum utilization of maritime-railway integration for carriage of
goods.
The present study reveals factors affecting maritime-railway integration in intermodal
transportation, considering issues like time, distance, cost, energy, environment
and traffic jam. Moreover, further studies regarding companies in micro level and
transportation policy in macro level are discussed.

Internal combustion engines (ICE) were invented about 150 years ago. In 1955, after
the realization of that exhaust gases contribute to air pollution, scientists have began
research to reduce exhaust emissions on the engines. In addition, as a result of the
oil crisis in the 1970s, production of engines having low fuel consumption became
significant. ICE have a large share of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas.
Generally, gasoline engines have more specific fuel consumption than diesel engines.
Therefore, CO2 emissions are an important problem for gasoline engines. On the other
hand, the primary problem for diesel engines are nitrogen oxides emissions. With
the use of stratified charge engines and alternative fuels are becoming easier to solve
these two problems. A project has been started for the development of environmentally
friendly engines by ITU and TUMOSAN Inc. In this project, a diesel engine was
converted to LPG fuel. MR-2 combustion chamber is used in this engine to create a
stratified charge and perform ‘MR-Process’ combustion mechanism. MR-2 combustion
chamber consist of different two regions where first region contains rich mixture and
other region includes poor mixture. Then, the combustion is started in rich mixture
zone. A one-dimensional software program on the basis of turbulent combustion
model has used to theoretical calculations. Calculations and experimental results show
that when the engine is operated with LPG fuel; NOx emissions reduced to the desired
levels, but not a important change in power and fuel consumption values.

In this article, the Siege of Malta by the Ottoman Naval forces in 1565 is analysed.
The Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent orders his Navy to sail to Malta and end the
sovereignty of the Knights Hospitaller (Knights of Malta) on the island who were under
the direct command of the Pope in Vatican. In this context, the Ottoman Empire’s
political strategies in the Mediterranean during 16th century and the international
relations of the period is also studied.

Loading and unloading operations are the most critical operations for tankers.
Probability of substantial damages that may arise as a result of accidents and risk of
pollution, explosion and fire make loading-unloading operations more critical while
vessel is at the harbour. The first and most important reason foroccurrence of that
accident is excessive crew fatigue that originates as a result of the heavy workload.
In this study, it is targeted to compose an automation system for loading-unloading
operations which works according to criteria to be determined by operator for
minimizing human errors and operational risks. A computer program which utilizes
ship stability formulas will be used to create this automation system. Through this
computer generated software, cargo and ballast tanks will be measured at regular
intervals and all phases of operation will take place not exceeding the limit of trim,
declination, Cargo flow, pressure and vessel intact stability which all determined by
operator. Ballast and cargo valves controlled by automation system will be regulated
by the system adhering to the specified criteria. While all of these, revolution number
of pump will be adjusted adhering to entered cargo flow and pressure value and pump
type. Automation system warns the operator giving an alarm in terms of unforeseen
safety events. Although alarm system will be set by different values of trim, declination,
cargo flow, pressure and vessel intact stability.The system is designed that general
alarm will start and sound as a result of the alarm cannot be silenced at intervals to
be determined by operator. Also, how much ship will sink and float is calculated in
accordance with the difference between freeboard and draught by the system. As a result
of these calculations it shows that ship’s tied ropes will have increased or decreased
loads whereby rupture of ropes are prevented. Alarm levels and design details of system
was elaborated on this study. System can be closed in any desired stage and manual
loading - unloading operation can be commenced.
Operatorswill only spend their time to followthe trim, declination, cargo flow, pressure
and vessel intact stability and to reach the first targeted cargo and ballast values by the
help of this system. Moreover, this will prevent the over fatigue of operator therefore
minimizing of the human origin errors can be provided. Due to the alarm system, early
intervention method which prevents the unexpected accidents that may occur will be
developed.
In this paper user needs, technical demands, project first design block diagram, map
of the project implementation and spiral project management of the designed
automation system will be explained.

This paper investigates the process of marine accident analysis for the official
interpretation to define the rate of defects of vessels in the intended case and proposes
the pairwise comparison approach which is frequently used in AHP method. The
assessment of marine accidents is a complicated and sophisticated problem which
needs a professional and fair judgment based on the existing evidences and navigational
specs. However, human judgment is limited and it is usually problematic to evaluate
several aspects of a case. The pairwise comparison method is first suggested to simplify
decision making process for ranking or selecting an item among the alternatives and it
is an essential part of analytic hierarchy process. By utilizing the pairwise comparison,
the defect rate of a snapshot of marine accident is calculated in a stepwise approach.

The aim of this study is to identify potential solutions to improve energy efficiency of
the existing ships. To have an Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) on
board has become mandatory for all ships starting from 1 January 2013. Increasing
fuel prices and growing environmental concerns are driving the shipping industry
to be more efficient. Therefore it is necessary to develop energy efficient operational
measures.

According to World Bank Logistics Performance Index Turkey ranks 27. Turkey,
logistics performance index of which compared to previous years has been improving,
should rank on the top according to 2023 economic objectives. Therefore, it should
improve its economic infrastructure. In addition, it should model the logistics facility
differences well among the successful countries in terms of logistics and maritime
sector. It is also necessary to analyze the differences in logistical infrastructures between
Turkey and leader countries in maritime and logistics in order to make the right
investment decision. therefore it is necessary to collect, prepare, model and analyze
data globally in logistics field. One of the best ways of modelling is data mining. Data
mining can provide valuable data to include future related predictions and its showing
clearly the present situation in the knowledge cluster in a specific topic. In this study,
the applications of data mining in logistic sector in various fields were shown and it
evaluates the importance of it in the case of Turkey.